Problem · Dynamic Programming

Longest Concave Subsequence

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A concave subsequence is a subsequence where the first and last elements are greater than all other elements in between. For example, [100, 0, 25, 11, 200] is concave, while [100, 0, 110, 200] is not since the third element is greater than the first element.

Given an array that contains a permutation of n integers, arr[n], determine the length of the longest concave subsequence.

A permutation is a sequence of integers from 1 to n that contains each number exactly once. For example [1, 3, 2] is a permutation while [1, 2, 1] and [1, 2, 4] are not.

A subsequence is derived from a sequence by deleting zero or more elements without changing the order of the remaining elements. For example [3, 4] is a subsequence of [5, 3, 2, 4], but [4, 3] is not.

Function Description

Complete the function maxLength in the editor.

maxLength has the following parameter:

  1. int arr[n]: the array

Returns

int: the length of the longest subsequence having the required property

Examples
01 · Example 1
arr = [4, 2, 6, 5, 3, 1]
return = 3
There are three longest subsequences: [4, 2, 6], [4, 2, 5], and [4, 2, 3]. Return 3, the length of these subsequences.
02 · Example 2
arr = [3, 1, 5, 2, 4]
return = 4
The longest subsequence satisfying the requirement is [3, 1, 2, 4].
03 · Example 3
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
return = 2
My subsequence of 2 elements satisfies the requirements.
Constraints
  • 1 ≤ n ≤ 10^5
  • 1 ≤ arr[i] ≤ n
  • arr is a permutation of integers from 1 to n.
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public int maxLength(int[] arr) {
  // write your code here
}
arr[4, 2, 6, 5, 3, 1]
expected3
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